Outline

• What is Cloud Computing?
• Deployment Models 
• Service Models
• Cloud Computing-Architecture 
• Cloud Computing Management 
• Cloud Computing Applications 
• Cloud Computing providers
• Mobile Cloud Computing 
• Conclusion

What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud computing refers to the delivery of computing services, including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence, over the internet to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.

Characteristics

There are four key characteristics of cloud computing

• Deployment Models 

• Service Models

• Essential characteristics

• Common Characteristics

Deployment Models 

Cloud computing also offers various deployment models, including public, private, hybrid, and multi-cloud.

1. Public Cloud: Public Cloud Services Are Offered By Third-Party Providers And Are Available To Anyone Who Wants To Use Them, Public Clouds Are Accessible To Anyone On The Internet
2. Private Cloud: Private Cloud Services Are Operated By A Single Organization And Are Not Available To The General Public, Private Clouds Are Dedicated To A Single Organization
3. Hybrid Cloud: Hybrid Cloud Services Combine Elements Of Public And Private Cloud Services, Allowing Organizations To Leverage The Benefits Of Both.
4. Types of Cloud Deployments: In Addition To Public, Private, And Hybrid Cloud Deployments, There Are Also Community Clouds And Multi-Cloud Deployments. Community Clouds Are Shared By Multiple Organizations With Similar Interests, While Multi-Cloud Deployments Involve Using Multiple Cloud Providers For Different Parts Of An Application Or Workload.

Service Models

There are three main types of cloud computing services:

•  Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

•  Platform as a Service (PaaS)

•  Software as a Service (Saas)

There are many other service models all of which can take the form of xaas, i.e., Anything as a Service. This can be Network as a Service, Business as a Service, Identity as a Service, Database as a Service, or Strategy as a Service

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Iaas provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, such as servers, storage, and networking, for users to deploy and run their applications.

 Platform as a Service (Paas)

Paas offers a platform for developing, testing, and deploying applications without the need to manage the underlying infrastructure. 

Software as a Service (Saas)

Saas delivers fully functional software applications over the internet, eliminating the need to install and maintain software on local computers.

Essential characteristics

The essential characteristics of cloud computing are:

1. On-demand self-service: The ability to provision and use computing resources without having to interact with the cloud service provider.
2. Broad network access: Access to cloud resources over the internet from a range of devices.
3. Resource pooling: The ability to share computing resources among multiple users or applications.
4. Rapid elasticity: The ability to quickly scale up or down computing resources as needed to meet changing demands.
5. Measured service: Cloud computing resources can be monitored, controlled, and billed based on usage.

Together, these characteristics make cloud computing a flexible and cost-effective solution for organizations of all sizes to access and manage computing resources.

Benefits & Risks

The benefits of cloud computing include cost savings, scalability, flexibility, and agility. However, cloud computing also presents challenges such as security, compliance, privacy, and data sovereignty. Organizations must evaluate their cloud computing requirements and select a cloud provider that meets their specific needs.

Cloud Computing – Planning

There are three major phases of Cloud Computing:

• Strategy Phase

• Planning Phase

• Deployment Phase

1. Strategy phase: This phase involves identifying the business goals and objectives of cloud computing adoption, defining the scope of the project, and assessing the current IT infrastructure and capabilities.
2. The Planning Phase of cloud computing involves analyzing problems and risks of the cloud application to ensure it meets business goals. The phase includes Business Architecture Development, IT Architecture Development, Requirements on Quality of Service Development, and Transformation Plan Development. The Transformation Plan Development step formulates plans required to transform the current business to cloud computing mode.
3. The Deployment Phase focuses on Cloud Computing Provider selection based on Service Level Agreement (SLA) and Maintenance and Technical Service provided by the cloud provider. It is important to ensure the quality of services.

Cloud Computing-Technologies 

Virtualization is the creation of a virtual version of something such as an operating system, server, storage device, or network resource. It allows multiple operating systems and applications to run on the same physical hardware, which optimizes the use of resources.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a design approach that organizes software applications as a collection of services. These services can communicate with each other to perform tasks, regardless of the technology platform or programming language they use.

Grid Computing is a type of distributed computing where computers from different locations and with different characteristics are connected to work together on a common objective. It involves breaking down complex tasks into smaller pieces that are distributed to cpus within the grid.

Utility computing is a model where computational resources are offered on demand as a metered service, based on a pay-per-use concept. It is the foundation of cloud computing, grid computing, and managed IT services. 

Cloud Computing-Architecture 

The Cloud Computing Architecture has two main components:

1. Front End: It refers to the client-side or the user interface of the cloud computing system. It is part of the system that interacts with the user and provides them with access to the cloud resources. This includes the user’s computer or device, the web browser or application used to access the cloud, and the interface used to access the cloud services.
2. Back End: It refers to the server side of the cloud computing system. It is part of the system that manages and stores the data and applications of the user. This includes the servers, data storage systems, virtual machines, and other resources that provide the actual cloud services to the users.

Cloud Computing Infrastructure 

Cloud computing infrastructure consists of several components such as a hypervisor, management software, deployment software, server, storage, and network. The infrastructure should satisfy fundamental constraints such as transparency, scalability, intelligent monitoring, and security. Hypervisor acts as a virtual machine manager, management software helps in maintaining and configuring the infrastructure, deployment software deploys and integrates applications, the network connects cloud services, the server helps in computing the resource sharing, and storage uses distributed file systems. Infrastructure should be designed to achieve transparency, scalability, intelligent monitoring, and security.

Cloud Computing Management 

Cloud management is the responsibility of the cloud provider, and it involves managing various aspects of cloud computing such as load balancing, storage, backups, deployment, and capacity. It perform  tasks include auditing system backups, understanding the system’s data flow, avoiding vendor lock-in, knowing the provider’s security procedures, monitoring capacity planning and scaling capabilities, monitoring audit-log use, and testing and validating solutions provided by the provider. These tasks ensure the efficient use of cloud resources and the reliability of cloud services.

Cloud Computing Data Storage 

Cloud storage allows for offsite storage of data managed by a third-party and accessible through a web services API. Storage devices can be classified as block storage devices or file storage devices. Cloud storage can be unmanaged or managed, with managed storage offering online storage space on demand. The cloud storage system stores multiple copies of data on multiple servers and in multiple locations to ensure data redundancy. Virtual storage containers offer high-performance cloud storage systems. Challenges in cloud storage include the ability to provision additional storage on demand, restrict the physical location of stored data, ensure proper data erasure and disposal, and maintain administrator access control over data.

Cloud Computing Security 

Cloud computing security is a major concern and it is important to analyze the sensitivity of resources and consider different cloud service models and types before deployment. The Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) stack model defines security boundaries between the service provider and consumer responsibilities for iaas, paas, and saas. Access control, auditing, authentication, and authorization are key mechanisms for data protection. Isolated access to data can be achieved through brokered cloud storage access, which involves a broker and a proxy. Encryption is important for protecting data during transfer and storage, but it does not prevent data loss.

Cloud Computing Applications 

Cloud Computing is a popular technology that allows organizations to perform their business operations over the internet. It has various applications in fields such as business, data storage and backup, management, social networking, entertainment, and art. Some of the famous cloud computing applications include MailChimp, Google Apps for Business, Box.com, Toggl, Facebook, Twitter, and Audiobox. FM. It provides benefits such as collaboration, data storage, and backup, accessibility, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness.

Cloud Computing Providers

Cloud computing providers offer various platforms and services for businesses and individuals to access virtual servers, build and deploy applications, and manage cloud infrastructure. Some popular cloud computing providers include Salesforce.com, Microsoft’s Windows Azure, Google App Engine, and Amazon EC2. Other platforms include Appistry’s cloudq, Enomaly, and Rackspace, which provide Infrastructure-as-a-Service (iaas) and Platform-as-a-Service (paas) solutions. These cloud computing platforms offer scalable, flexible, and automated cloud infrastructure, allowing users to easily build, deploy, and maintain their applications on the cloud.

Cloud Computing Challenges 

Cloud Computing poses several challenges such as security and privacy of information, portability of applications, interoperability, computing performance, and reliability and availability of cloud systems. These challenges can be addressed by implementing encryption and security measures, enabling easy migration of applications between cloud providers, utilizing web services for interoperability, providing high network bandwidth for data-intensive applications, and ensuring the reliability and robustness of cloud systems.

Mobile Cloud Computing 

Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is a technology that leverages the capabilities of cloud computing for mobile devices. It involves processing in the cloud, with data stored in the cloud, while mobile devices serve as a display medium. MCC architecture consists of four types of cloud resources, including distant mobile and immobile clouds, and proximate mobile and immobile computing entities. However, MCC also faces challenges, including emergency efficient transmission, architectural neutrality, live VM migration, mobile communication congestion, and security and privacy concerns related to the sharing of personal information over the cloud. Despite these challenges, MCC continues to develop, with various smartphone operating systems supporting third-party applications deployed in the cloud.

Conclusion

Overall, cloud computing is a complex and rapidly evolving technology, but it offers significant benefits to organizations that adopt it. By understanding the different aspects of cloud computing, including the services, providers, architecture, security, migration, and cost management, organizations can make informed decisions and effectively leverage the power of the cloud.

Cloud computing is a technology that has become increasingly popular in recent years due to its ability to provide cost-effective and scalable computing resources on demand. In this tutorial, we will cover the basics of cloud computing, including its definition, benefits, and key concepts.